Intelligent driving mode selection for autonomous vehicle delivery system

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure provides a method comprising identifying at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination and selecting one of a plurality of possible routes between the origin and the destination. For each of a plurality of route segments of the selected route, mapping information is used to characterize the route segment and one of a plurality of driving modes is selected for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity. A driving plan comprising a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route is provided to a vehicle and the vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims the benefit of and hereby incorporates by reference, for all purposes, the entirety of the contents of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 16/797,064, filed Feb. 21, 2020, and entitled, “INTELLIGENT DRIVING MODE SELECTION FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE DELIVERY SYSTEM”.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure relates generally to autonomous vehicles (AVs) and, more specifically, to devices and methods for AV delivery driving mode selection based on delivery contents and mapping data.

BACKGROUND

Autonomous delivery is one of the core emerging technology today, with delivery technology changing the way the retail supply chain functions. According to a recent study, it is likely that in the near future as many as 80% of global deliveries will be automated, as governments continue to approve and adopt regulations around autonomous vehicles and public sentiment towards such vehicles increases.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To provide a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and features and advantages thereof, reference is made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts, in which:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example autonomous vehicle in which an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an example method implemented by an example intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 illustrates a number of possible routes between an origin and a destination for providing a visual illustration of route segment condition information utilized by an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of another example method implemented by an example intelligent delivery system according to alternative embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of yet another example method implemented by an example intelligent delivery system according to alternative embodiments of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS OF THE DISCLOSURE

The systems, methods and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the all of the desirable attributes disclosed herein. Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the description below and the accompanying drawings.

Fast, efficient, and safe transportation of a delivery from its point of origin to its destination may depend on a number of factors, including the characteristics of the delivery itself (which may include fragile, liquid, or sturdy, for example), the condition of the road segments that make up the selected route (e.g., smooth, full of potholes, and/or riddled with speed bumps, and the driving behavior, or driving mode, of the vehicle (more or less fast, more or less aggressive, etc.).

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method comprising identifying at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination and selecting one of a plurality of possible routes between the origin and the destination. For each of a plurality of route segments of the selected route, mapping information is used to characterize the route segment and one of a plurality of driving modes is selected for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity. A driving plan includes a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments, the driving plan comprising the selected route, is provided to a vehicle. The vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.

Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an intelligent delivery system for a vehicle, the intelligent delivery system comprising at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route and a mapping information module for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment. A driving mode selection module is included for, for each of the plurality of route segments using the mapping information to characterize the route segment and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.

Embodiments of the present disclosure still further provide a vehicle comprising an onboard computer; a sensor suite comprising a plurality of imaging devices and at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route; and a mapping information module for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment. The vehicle further includes a driving mode selection module for, for each of the plurality of route segments, using the mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.

Embodiments disclosed herein may be particularly advantageous for selecting which of a plurality of possible driving modes will be used by an AV to deliver an item, or delivery, from an origin to a destination based on characteristics and/or an identity of the item being delivered and mapping data indicating a condition of various segments of a selected delivery route. Additionally, user and/or vehicle feedback may be provided during or after the delivery and may be used to update mapping data used in driving mode selection. Moreover, additional constraints and considerations, such as price charged, amount of fuel available or consumed, and/or amount of time to complete the delivery may also be considered in selecting which of the plurality of possible driving modes should be taken.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present disclosure, in particular aspects of an intelligent delivery system for an autonomous vehicle, described herein, may be embodied in various manners (e.g., as a method, a system, a computer program product, or a computer-readable storage medium). Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects that may all generally be referred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Functions described in this disclosure may be implemented as an algorithm executed by one or more hardware processing units, e.g. one or more microprocessors, of one or more computers. In various embodiments, different steps and portions of the steps of each of the methods described herein may be performed by different processing units. Furthermore, aspects of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable medium(s), preferably non-transitory, having computer-readable program code embodied, e.g., stored, thereon. In various embodiments, such a computer program may, for example, be downloaded (updated) to the existing devices and systems (e.g. to the existing system devices and/or their controllers, etc.) or be stored upon manufacturing of these devices and systems.

The following detailed description presents various descriptions of specific certain embodiments. However, the innovations described herein can be embodied in a multitude of different ways, for example, as defined and covered by the claims and/or select examples. In the following description, reference is made to the drawings in which like reference numerals can indicate identical or functionally similar elements. It will be understood that elements illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Moreover, it will be understood that certain embodiments can include more elements than illustrated in a drawing and/or a subset of the elements illustrated in a drawing. Further, some embodiments can incorporate any suitable combination of features from two or more drawings.

The following disclosure describes various illustrative embodiments and examples for implementing the features and functionality of the present disclosure. While particular components, arrangements, and/or features are described below in connection with various example embodiments, these are merely examples used to simplify the present disclosure and are not intended to be limiting. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, including compliance with system, business, and/or legal constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that, while such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming; it would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

In the Specification, reference may be made to the spatial relationships between various components and to the spatial orientation of various aspects of components as depicted in the attached drawings. However, as will be recognized by those skilled in the art after a complete reading of the present disclosure, the devices, components, members, apparatuses, etc. described herein may be positioned in any desired orientation. Thus, the use of terms such as “above”, “below”, “upper”, “lower”, “top”, “bottom”, or other similar terms to describe a spatial relationship between various components or to describe the spatial orientation of aspects of such components, should be understood to describe a relative relationship between the components or a spatial orientation of aspects of such components, respectively, as the components described herein may be oriented in any desired direction. When used to describe a range of dimensions or other characteristics (e.g., time, pressure, temperature, length, width, etc.) of an element, operations, and/or conditions, the phrase “between X and Y” represents a range that includes X and Y.

Other features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following description and the claims.

One embodiment is a system for autonomous vehicle delivery driving mode selection based on delivery contents and mapping data. In particular, the system enables selection of one of a plurality of possible driving modes that will be used by an autonomous vehicle to transport an item, or delivery, from an origin to a destination based on characteristics and/or an identity of the item being delivered and mapping data indicating a condition of various segments of the selected delivery route. Additionally, user and/or vehicle feedback may be provided during or after the delivery and may be used to update mapping data used in driving mode selection. Moreover, additional constraints and considerations, such as cost, amount of fuel available or consumed, and/or amount of time to complete the delivery may also be considered in selecting one of the plurality of possible driving modes to be used.

As shown in FIG. 1 , an intelligent delivery system 100 embodying features described herein includes an autonomous vehicle 110 including a passenger interface 120, a vehicle coordinator 130, and/or a remote expert interface 140. In certain embodiments, the remote expert interface 140 allows a non-passenger entity to set and/or modify the behavior settings of the autonomous vehicle 110. The non-passenger entity may be different from the vehicle coordinator 130, which may be a server.

A remote facility 160, which may comprise a central office or back office facility, may also be provided for providing the autonomous vehicle 110 (and particularly, the onboard computer 145) with a number of different system backend functions. The remote facility 160 may include one or more switches, servers, databases, live advisors, and/or an automated voice response system (“VRS”). Remote facility 160 may include any or all of the aforementioned components, which may be coupled to one another via a wired or wireless local area network (LAN). Remote facility 160 may receive and transmit data via one or more appropriate devices and network from and to the autonomous vehicle 110, such as by wireless systems, such as 882.11x, GPRS, and the like. A database at the remote facility 160 can store account information such as subscriber authentication information, vehicle identifiers, profile records, behavioral patterns, and other pertinent subscriber information. The remote facility 160 may also include a database of roads, routes, locations, etc. permitted for use by autonomous vehicle 110. The remote facility 160 may communicate with the autonomous vehicle 110 to provide route guidance in response to a request received from the vehicle.

For example, based upon information stored in a mapping system of the remote facility 160, the remote facility may determine the conditions of various roads or portions thereof. Autonomous vehicles, such as the autonomous vehicle 110, may, in the course of determining a navigation route, receive instructions from the remote facility 160 regarding which roads or portions thereof, if any, are appropriate for use under certain circumstances, as described herein. Such instructions may be based in part on information received from the autonomous vehicle 110 or other autonomous vehicles regarding road conditions Accordingly, remote facility 160 may receive information regarding the roads/routes generally in real-time from one or more vehicles.

The system 100 functions to enable an autonomous vehicle 110 to modify and/or set a driving behavior in response to parameters set by vehicle passengers (e.g., via the passenger interface 120) and/or other interested parties (e.g., via the vehicle coordinator 130 or remote expert interface 140). In accordance with features of embodiments described herein, the system 100 further functions to enable autonomous vehicle 110 to modify and/or set a driving behavior and/or route automatically in response to delivery contents or other considerations or factors. Driving behavior of an autonomous vehicle may be modified according to explicit input or feedback (e.g., a passenger specifying a maximum speed or a relative comfort level), implicit input or feedback (e.g., a passenger's heart rate), or any other suitable data or manner of communicating driving behavior preferences.

The autonomous vehicle 110 is preferably a fully autonomous automobile, but may additionally or alternatively be any semi-autonomous or fully autonomous vehicle; e.g., a boat, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a driverless car, etc. Additionally, or alternatively, the autonomous vehicles may be vehicles that switch between a semi-autonomous state and a fully autonomous state and thus, some autonomous vehicles may have attributes of both a semi-autonomous vehicle and a fully autonomous vehicle depending on the state of the vehicle.

The autonomous vehicle 110 preferably includes a throttle interface that controls an engine throttle, motor speed (e.g., rotational speed of electric motor), or any other movement-enabling mechanism; a brake interface that controls brakes of the autonomous vehicle (or any other movement-retarding mechanism); and a steering interface that controls steering of the autonomous vehicle (e.g., by changing the angle of wheels of the autonomous vehicle). The autonomous vehicle 110 may additionally or alternatively include interfaces for control of any other vehicle functions; e.g., windshield wipers, headlights, turn indicators, air conditioning, etc.

In addition, the autonomous vehicle 110 preferably includes an onboard computer 145 and a sensor suite 150 (e.g., computer vision (“CV”) system, Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR), RAdio Detection And Ranging (RADAR), wheel speed sensors, GPS, cameras, etc.). The onboard computer 145 functions to control the autonomous vehicle 110 and processes sensed data from the sensor suite 150 and/or other sensors in order to determine the state of the autonomous vehicle 110. Based upon the vehicle state and programmed instructions, the onboard computer 145 preferably modifies or controls driving behavior of the autonomous vehicle 110.

Driving behavior, or driving mode, may include any information relating to how an autonomous vehicle drives (e.g., actuates brakes, accelerator, steering), or a behavior of the autonomous vehicle given a set of instructions (e.g., a route or plan). Driving behavior may include a description of a controlled operation and movement of an autonomous vehicle and the manner in which the autonomous vehicle applies traffic rules during one or more driving sessions. Driving behavior may additionally or alternatively include any information about how an autonomous vehicle calculates routes (e.g., prioritizing fastest time vs. shortest distance), other autonomous vehicle actuation behavior (e.g., actuation of lights, windshield wipers, traction control settings, etc.) and/or how an autonomous vehicle responds to environmental stimulus (e.g., how an autonomous vehicle behaves if it is raining, or if an animal jumps in front of the vehicle). Some examples of elements that may contribute to driving behavior include acceleration constraints, deceleration constraints, speed constraints, steering constraints, suspension settings, routing preferences (e.g., scenic, faster routes, no highways), lighting preferences, action profiles (e.g., how a vehicle turns, changes lanes, or performs a driving maneuver), and action frequency constraints (e.g., how often a vehicle changes lanes).

The onboard computer 145 functions to control the operations and functionality of the autonomous vehicles 110 and processes sensed data from the sensor suite 150 and/or other sensors in order to determine states of the autonomous vehicles no. Based upon the vehicle state and programmed instructions, the onboard computer 145 preferably modifies or controls behavior of autonomous vehicles 110. The onboard computer 145 is preferably a general-purpose computer adapted for I/O communication with vehicle control systems and sensor systems, but may additionally or alternatively be any suitable computing device. The onboard computer 145 is preferably connected to the Internet via a wireless connection (e.g., via a cellular data connection). Additionally or alternatively, the onboard computer 145 may be coupled to any number of wireless or wired communication systems.

The sensor suite 150 preferably includes localization and driving sensors; e.g., photodetectors, cameras, RADAR, SOund Navigation And Ranging (SONAR), LIDAR, Global Positioning System (GPS), inertial measurement units (IMUs), accelerometers, microphones, strain gauges, pressure monitors, barometers, thermometers, altimeters, etc.

In certain embodiments, information collected by autonomous vehicles, such as autonomous vehicle 110, may be provided to the remote facility 160, which may establish a database or map of routes in a given area or region where use of an autonomous driving system may be permitted. Information may be collected from vehicles in real-time, i.e., as the vehicle(s) traverses the route(s) in question. Information may be analyzed by a central office of the remote facility 160 in real-time, or on a periodic basis. The information may be provided to vehicles collectively in the area, e.g., by way of a central database or map. For example, vehicles may pull route information from the database/map to determine appropriate route(s) for use of an autonomous driving system in any manner that is convenient. In some examples, a vehicle telematics unit may selectively communicate with the remote facility to determine whether a route may be used with an autonomous driving system. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for communicating with a plurality of vehicles may include a plurality of telematics units installed into each of the vehicles. The telematics units are configured to collect route information as the vehicles are traveling along a vehicle route.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an example method 200 implemented by an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In step 202, characteristics and/or an identity of an item for delivery are determined. It will be recognized that this step may be performed in any number of manners. For example, the item for delivery may have affixed thereto a code (such as a bar code or Quick Response (QR) code, for example) or an RF ID that may be read by an appropriate sensor disposed within the vehicle. Alternatively, visual sensors, such as a camera, may be used to discern characteristics and/or the identity of the item. Still further, information regarding characteristics and/or an identity of the item may be provided by an individual, such as a system administrator or operator. The information gleaned in step 202 may include such information as physical state of the item (e.g., solid or liquid), a durability of the item (e.g., sturdy or fragile), and whether or not the item is perishable (and if so, within what time frame), for example.

In step 204, a plurality of possible routes between an origin of the item and a destination of the item may be identified using mapping information and one of the plurality of possible routes is selected based on one or more relevant factors.

In step 206, the condition of each individual segment comprising the selected route is determined and the information regarding characteristics and/or identity of the item as well as the condition of the individual segments of the selected route are evaluated to select an optimal driving mode for the vehicle for each of the segments. For example, if the item being delivered is fragile (e.g., a flower arrangement) and/or a liquid (e.g., a container of soup), and/or the particular route segment is bumpy (e.g., full of potholes), a more conservative (e.g., slower) driving mode may be selected for that segment. In contrast, if the item being delivered is sturdy and/or the particular route segment is in good condition (e.g., smooth), a more aggressive (e.g., faster) driving mode may be selected for that segment. For items that are neither particularly sensitive nor durable and/or a route segment that is neither particularly bumpy nor smooth, an intermediate driving mode (e.g., intermediate speed) may be selected.

In step 208, a driving plan for the selected route is provided to the vehicle, wherein the driving plan comprises a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the individual route segments comprising the selected route.

FIG. 3 illustrates a number of possible routes between an origin and a destination for providing a visual illustration of route segment condition information utilized by an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In particular, FIG. 3 illustrates a number of possible routes 300A-300C between an origin 302 and a destination 304. As also shown in FIG. 3 , a number of route segments, e.g., segment 306, are characterized (or designated or identified) in mapping information as “rough.” As used herein, a “rough” route segment is one that the vehicle (and passengers or contents thereof) experiences as bumpy and/or bouncy, either constantly or intermittently, and perhaps due to potholes or other deficiencies in the surface of the route segment or other factors. A number of other route segments, e.g., segment 308, are characterized (or designated or identified) in mapping information as “moderate.” As used herein, a “moderate” route segment is one that the vehicle (and passengers or contents thereof) experiences as not particularly bumpy and/or bouncy, either constantly or intermittently, but also not particularly comfortable due to the occasional deficiencies in the surface of the route segment or other factors. The mapping information may include historical sensor data (e.g. data from vehicle suspension, accelerometers, IMUs, etc.) from vehicles previously traversing the route segment, 3D LiDAR point-cloud data of road surfaces, approximations of road quality based thereon, user feedback from previous passengers of vehicles traversing the road segment, or any combination thereof.

Finally, a number of remaining route segments, e.g., segment 310, are characterized (or designated or identified) in mapping information as “smooth.” As used herein, a “smooth” route segment is one that the vehicle (and passengers or contents thereof) experiences as comfortable and relatively free of bumps and/or bounces. As shown in FIG. 3 , route 300A is the shortest route between the origin 302 and the destination 304, but includes the highest percentage of rough segments 306 (i.e., segments characterized as rough) of all the routes 300. Route 300C is the longest route between the origin 302 and the designation 304, but includes the highest percentage of smooth segments 310 (i.e., segments characterized as smooth) and the lowest percentage of rough segments 306 of all the routes 300. Finally, route 300B is not as short as route 300A and not a long as 300C and the highest percentage of moderate segments 308 (i.e., segments characterized as moderate) of all the routes 300.

Given the foregoing mapping information of FIG. 3 as an example, in one embodiment, the driving plan for delivering a sturdy item from the origin 302 to the destination 304 via the delivery route 300A would be different than the driving plan for delivering a fragile item from the origin to the destination via the same route. For example, the driving plan for a sturdy item may include a moderately aggressive driving mode for the first segment of the route, which is indicated as being rough, and a maximally aggressive driving mode for the final segment of the route, which is indicated as being smooth. In contrast, the driving plan for the fragile item may be include a highly conservative driving mode for the first segment of the route (rough) and a moderate or moderately aggressive driving mode for the final segment of the route (smooth).

Similarly, the driving plan for delivering a sturdy item from the origin 302 to the destination 304 via the delivery route 300A would be different than the delivery plan for delivering the same item from the origin to the destination via the delivery route 300C. For example, in contrast to the driving plan for delivery of the sturdy item via the route 300A, the driving plan for delivery of the sturdy item via the route 300C may include a maximally aggressive driving mode for all but the small segments of the route at the beginning and in the middle thereof that are indicated as being rough, for which the driving plan may include short interludes of moderately aggressive driving modes.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an example method 400 implemented by an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In step 402, characteristics and/or an identity of an item for delivery are determined. It will be recognized that this step may be performed in any number of manners. For example, the item for delivery may have affixed thereto a code (such as a bar code or QR code, for example) or an RF ID that may be read by an appropriate sensor disposed within the vehicle. Alternatively, visual sensors, such as a camera, may be used to discern characteristics and/or the identity of the item. Still further, information regarding characteristics and/or an identity of the item may be provided by an individual, such as a system administrator or operator. The information gleaned in step 402 may include such information as physical state of the item (e.g., solid or liquid), a durability of the item (e.g., sturdy or fragile), and whether or not the item is perishable (and if so, within what time frame), for example.

In step 404, a plurality of possible routes between an origin of the item and a destination of the item may be identified using mapping information and one of the plurality of possible routes is selected based on one or more relevant factors.

In step 406, the condition of each individual segment comprising the selected route is determined and the information regarding characteristics and/or identity of the item as well as the condition of the individual segments of the selected route are evaluated to select an optimal driving mode for the vehicle for each of the segments. For example, if the item being delivered is fragile (e.g., a flower arrangement) and/or a liquid (e.g., a container of soup), and/or the particular route segment is bumpy (e.g., full of potholes), a more conservative (e.g., slower, less aggressive braking and steering, etc.) driving mode may be selected for that segment. In contrast, if the item being delivered is sturdy and/or the particular route segment is in good condition (e.g., smooth), a more aggressive (e.g., faster, more aggressive braking and steering, etc.) driving mode may be selected for that segment. For items that are neither particularly sensitive nor durable and/or a route segment that is neither particularly bumpy nor smooth, an intermediate (e.g., moderate speed, moderately aggressive braking and steering, etc.) driving mode may be selected.

As noted above, driving behavior, or driving mode, may include any information relating to how an autonomous vehicle drives (e.g., actuates brakes, accelerator, steering), or a behavior of the autonomous vehicle, given a set of instructions (e.g., a route or plan). Driving behavior may include a description of a controlled operation and movement of an autonomous vehicle and the manner in which the autonomous vehicle applies traffic rules during one or more driving sessions. Driving behavior may additionally or alternatively include any information about how an autonomous vehicle calculates routes (e.g., prioritizing fastest time vs. shortest distance), other autonomous vehicle actuation behavior (e.g., actuation of lights, windshield wipers, traction control settings, etc.) and/or how an autonomous vehicle responds to environmental stimulus (e.g., how an autonomous vehicle behaves if it is raining, or if an animal jumps in front of the vehicle). Some examples of elements that may contribute to driving behavior include acceleration constraints, deceleration constraints, speed constraints, steering constraints, suspension settings, routing preferences (e.g., scenic, faster routes, no highways), lighting preferences, action profiles (e.g., how a vehicle turns, changes lanes, or performs a driving maneuver), and action frequency constraints (e.g., how often a vehicle changes lanes).

In step 408, a driving plan for the selected route is provided to the vehicle, wherein the driving plan comprises the selected driving modes for each of the individual route segments.

In step 410, upon completion of the delivery, information regarding the route (e.g., actual route conditions that may include sensor data as previously described) and/or a condition of the item upon delivery is provided by the vehicle and/or a user to a remote system, for example, which uses the route information to update the mapping information used to select a route and driving mode.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another alternative method 500 implemented by an intelligent delivery system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

In step 502, characteristics and/or an identity of an item for delivery are determined. It will be recognized that this step may be performed in any number of manners. For example, the item for delivery may have affixed thereto a code (such as a bar code or QR code, for example) or an RF ID that may be read by an appropriate sensor disposed within the vehicle. Alternatively, visual sensors, such as a camera, may be used to discern characteristics and/or the identity of the item. Still further, information regarding characteristics and/or an identity of the item may be provided by an individual, such as a system administrator or operator. The information gleaned in step 502 may include such information as physical state of the item (e.g., solid or liquid), a durability of the item (e.g., sturdy or fragile), and whether or not the item is perishable (and if so, within what time frame), for example.

In step 503, additional resources and/or constraints, such as fee/price, amount of fuel required, amount of fuel available, and/or a time limit in which the delivery must be made, for example, are identified. These additional resources and/or constraints may be determined based on circumstances or imposed by a user or system operator/administrator. For example, a user may indicate that a particular delivery must be made within a certain period of time. Additionally and/or alternatively, there may only be a certain amount of fuel in the vehicle to make the delivery and/or the delivery must be made for a particular fee.

In step 504 a plurality of possible routes between an origin of the item and a destination of the item may be identified using mapping information and one of the plurality of possible routes is selected based on one or more relevant factors.

In step 506, the condition of each individual segment comprising the selected route is determined and the information regarding characteristics and/or identity of the item as well as the condition of the individual segments of the selected route and the additional resources/constraints are evaluated to select an optimal driving mode for the vehicle for each of the segments. For example, if the item being delivered is fragile (e.g., a flower arrangement) and/or a liquid (e.g., a container of soup), and/or the particular route segment is bumpy (e.g., full of potholes), a more conservative (e.g., slower) driving mode may be selected for that segment. In contrast, if the item being delivered is sturdy and/or the particular route segment is in good condition (e.g., smooth), a more aggressive (e.g., faster) driving mode may be selected for that segment. For items that are neither particularly sensitive nor durable and/or a route segment that is neither particularly bumpy nor smooth, an intermediate driving mode (e.g., intermediate speed) may be selected.

In step 508, a driving plan for the selected route is provided to the vehicle, wherein the driving plan comprises the selected driving modes for each of the individual route segments.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example system 600 that may be configured to implement at least portions of an intelligent delivery system for an autonomous vehicle, such as the autonomous vehicle 110, in accordance with embodiments described herein, and more particularly as shown in the FIGURES described hereinabove. Part or all of the intelligent delivery system 600 may be implemented as a sensor suite, such as the sensor suite 150, and/or an onboard computer, such as onboard computer 145, and/or a remote system, such as remote facility 160. As shown in FIG. 6 , the intelligent delivery system 600 may include at least one processor 602, e.g. a hardware processor 602, coupled to memory elements 604 through a system bus 606. As such, the system may store program code and/or data within memory elements 604. Further, the processor 602 may execute the program code accessed from the memory elements 604 via a system bus 606. In one aspect, the system may be implemented as a computer that is suitable for storing and/or executing program code (e.g., onboard computer 145). It should be appreciated, however, that the system 600 may be implemented in the form of any system including a processor and a memory that is capable of performing the functions described in this disclosure.

In some embodiments, the processor 602 can execute software or an algorithm to perform the activities as discussed in this specification; in particular, activities related to an intelligent delivery system for an autonomous vehicle in accordance with embodiments described herein. The processor 602 may include any combination of hardware, software, or firmware providing programmable logic, including by way of non-limiting example a microprocessor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), an integrated circuit (IC), an application specific IC (ASIC), or a virtual machine processor. The processor 602 may be communicatively coupled to the memory element 604, for example in a direct-memory access (DMA) configuration, so that the processor 602 may read from or write to the memory elements 604.

In general, the memory elements 604 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory technology, including double data rate (DDR) random access memory (RAM), synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), flash, read-only memory (ROM), optical media, virtual memory regions, magnetic or tape memory, or any other suitable technology. Unless specified otherwise, any of the memory elements discussed herein should be construed as being encompassed within the broad term “memory.” The information being measured, processed, tracked or sent to or from any of the components of the system 600 could be provided in any database, register, control list, cache, or storage structure, all of which can be referenced at any suitable timeframe. Any such storage options may be included within the broad term “memory” as used herein. Similarly, any of the potential processing elements, modules, and machines described herein should be construed as being encompassed within the broad term “processor.” Each of the elements shown in the present figures may also include suitable interfaces for receiving, transmitting, and/or otherwise communicating data or information in a network environment so that they can communicate with, for example, a system having hardware similar or identical to another one of these elements.

In certain example implementations, mechanisms for implementing an intelligent delivery system for an autonomous vehicle as outlined herein may be implemented by logic encoded in one or more tangible media, which may be inclusive of non-transitory media, e.g., embedded logic provided in an ASIC, in DSP instructions, software (potentially inclusive of object code and source code) to be executed by a processor, or other similar machine, etc. In some of these instances, memory elements, such as e.g. the memory elements 604 shown in FIG. 6 , can store data or information used for the operations described herein. This includes the memory elements being able to store software, logic, code, or processor instructions that are executed to carry out the activities described herein. A processor can execute any type of instructions associated with the data or information to achieve the operations detailed herein. In one example, the processors, such as e.g. the processor 602 shown in FIG. 6 , could transform an element or an article (e.g., data) from one state or thing to another state or thing. In another example, the activities outlined herein may be implemented with fixed logic or programmable logic (e.g., software/computer instructions executed by a processor) and the elements identified herein could be some type of a programmable processor, programmable digital logic (e.g., an FPGA, a DSP, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM)) or an ASIC that includes digital logic, software, code, electronic instructions, or any suitable combination thereof.

The memory elements 604 may include one or more physical memory devices such as, for example, local memory 608 and one or more bulk storage devices 610. The local memory may refer to RAM or other non-persistent memory device(s) generally used during actual execution of the program code. A bulk storage device may be implemented as a hard drive or other persistent data storage device. The processing system 600 may also include one or more cache memories (not shown) that provide temporary storage of at least some program code in order to reduce the number of times program code must be retrieved from the bulk storage device 610 during execution.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the memory elements 604 may store a driving mode selection module 620 and a mapping data module 622. In various embodiments, the modules 620, 622, may be stored in the local memory 608, the one or more bulk storage devices 610, or apart from the local memory and the bulk storage devices. It should be appreciated that the system 600 may further execute an operating system (not shown in FIG. 6 ) that can facilitate execution of the modules 620, 622. The modules 620, 622, being implemented in the form of executable program code and/or data, can be read from, written to, and/or executed by the system 600, e.g., by the processor 602. Responsive to reading from, writing to, and/or executing one of the modules 620, 622, the system 600 may be configured to perform one or more operations or method steps described herein.

Input/output (I/O) devices depicted as an input device 612 and an output device 614, optionally, may be coupled to the system. Examples of input devices may include, but are not limited to, a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, or the like. Examples of output devices may include, but are not limited to, a monitor or a display, speakers, or the like. In some implementations, the system may include a device driver (not shown) for the output device 614. Input and/or output devices 612, 614 may be coupled to the system 600 either directly or through intervening I/O controllers. Additionally, sensing devices 615, may be coupled to the system 600. Examples of sensing devices 615 may include, but are not limited to, cameras (located inside and/or outside the vehicle), LIDARs, RADARS, scales, QR code readers, bar code readers, RF sensors, and others. Sensing devices 615 may be coupled to the system 600 either directly or through intervening controllers and/or drivers.

Cameras may be implemented using high-resolution imagers with fixed mounting and field of view. LIDARs may be implemented using scanning LIDARs with dynamically configurable field of view that provides a point-cloud of the region intended to scan. RADARs may be implemented using scanning RADARs with dynamically configurable field of view.

In an embodiment, the input and the output devices may be implemented as a combined input/output device (illustrated in FIG. 6 with a dashed line surrounding the input device 612 and the output device 614). An example of such a combined device is a touch sensitive display, also sometimes referred to as a “touch screen display” or simply “touch screen”. In such an embodiment, input to the device may be provided by a movement of a physical object, such as e.g. a stylus or a finger of a user, on or near the touch screen display.

A network adapter 616 may also, optionally, be coupled to the system 600 to enable it to become coupled to other systems, computer systems, remote network devices, and/or remote storage devices through intervening private or public networks. The network adapter may comprise a data receiver for receiving data that is transmitted by said systems, devices and/or networks to the system 600, and a data transmitter for transmitting data from the system 600 to said systems, devices and/or networks. Modems, cable modems, and Ethernet cards are examples of different types of network adapter that may be used with the system 600.

Example 1 is a method including identifying at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination and selecting one of a plurality of possible routes between the origin and the destination. The method further includes, for each of a plurality of route segments of the selected route, using mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity. The method also includes providing a driving plan to a vehicle, wherein the driving plan comprises a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route and wherein the vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.

In Example 2, the method of Example 1 may further include the item characteristic comprising at least one of a sturdiness of the item, a physical state of the item, and a perishability of the item.

In Example 3, the method of any of Examples 1-2 may further include the item identity being identified by reading a code associated with the item.

In Example 4, the method of any of Examples 1-3 may further include the item identity being identified by information provided by a user.

In Example 5, the method of any of Examples 1-4 may further include the item identity being identified using imaging devices to capture one or more images of the item by which to identify the item.

In Example 6, the method of any of Examples 1-5 may further include the using mapping information to characterize the route segment further comprising characterizing the route segment according to a relative comfort level experienced by contents of the vehicle while traversing the route segment and assigning a route type to the route segment corresponding to the characterization thereof.

In Example 7, the method of any of Examples 1-6 may further include subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, updating the mapping information for at least one of the plurality of route segments of the selected route using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.

In Example 8, the method of any of Examples 1-7 may further include identifying at least one additional constraint in connection with a delivery of the item, wherein the selecting one of a plurality of driving modes further comprises selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least of the item characteristic and the item identity in combination with the identified at least one additional constraint.

Example 9 is an intelligent delivery system for a vehicle, the intelligent delivery system including at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route; a mapping information module for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment; and a driving mode selection module for, for each of the plurality of route segments, using the mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.

In Example 10, the intelligent delivery system of Example 9 may further include a driving plan comprising a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route being provided to the vehicle.

In Example 11, the intelligent driving system of any of Examples 9-10 may further include the vehicle delivering the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.

In Example 12, the intelligent delivery system of any of Examples 9-11 may further include the vehicle comprising an autonomous vehicle.

In Example 13, the intelligent delivery system of any of Examples 9-12 may further include the using mapping information to characterize the route segment further comprising characterizing the route segment according to a relative comfort level experienced by contents of the vehicle while traversing the route segment and assigning a route type to the route segment corresponding to the characterization thereof.

In Example 14, the intelligent delivery system of any of Examples 9-13 may further include, subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, the mapping information for at least one of the route segments of the selected route being updated using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.

In Example 15, the intelligent delivery system of any of Examples 9-14 may further include at least one additional constraint in connection with a delivery of the item being identified and wherein the selecting one of a plurality of driving modes further comprises selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least of the item characteristic and the item identity in combination with the identified at least one additional constraint.

Example 16 is a vehicle including an onboard computer; a sensor suite comprising a plurality of imaging devices and at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route and a mapping information module for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment. The vehicle further includes a driving mode selection module for, for each of the plurality of route segments using the mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.

In Example 17, the vehicle of Example 16 may further include a driving plan further comprising a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route is provided to the vehicle.

In Example 18, the vehicle of any of Examples 16-17 may further include the vehicle delivering the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.

In Example 19, the vehicle of any of Examples 16-18 may further include, subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, the mapping information for at least one of the route segments of the selected route being updated using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.

In Example 20, the vehicle of any of Examples 16-19 may further include, at least one additional constraint in connection with a delivery of the item being identified and wherein the selecting one of a plurality of driving modes further comprises selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment and the at least of the item characteristic and the item identity in combination with the identified at least one additional constraint.

It is to be understood that not necessarily all objects or advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment described herein. Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that certain embodiments may be configured to operate in a manner that achieves or optimizes one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other objects or advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

In one example embodiment, any number of electrical circuits of the FIGS. may be implemented on a board of an associated electronic device. The board can be a general circuit board that can hold various components of the internal electronic system of the electronic device and, further, provide connectors for other peripherals. More specifically, the board can provide the electrical connections by which the other components of the system can communicate electrically. Any suitable processors (inclusive of digital signal processors, microprocessors, supporting chipsets, etc.), computer-readable non-transitory memory elements, etc. can be suitably coupled to the board based on particular configuration needs, processing demands, computer designs, etc. Other components such as external storage, additional sensors, controllers for audio/video display, and peripheral devices may be attached to the board as plug-in cards, via cables, or integrated into the board itself. In various embodiments, the functionalities described herein may be implemented in emulation form as software or firmware running within one or more configurable (e.g., programmable) elements arranged in a structure that supports these functions. The software or firmware providing the emulation may be provided on non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions to allow a processor to carry out those functionalities.

In another example embodiment, the electrical circuits of the FIGS. may be implemented as stand-alone modules (e.g., a device with associated components and circuitry configured to perform a specific application or function) or implemented as plug-in modules into application specific hardware of electronic devices. Note that particular embodiments of the present disclosure may be readily included in a system on chip (SOC) package, either in part, or in whole. An SOC represents an IC that integrates components of a computer or other electronic system into a single chip. It may contain digital, analog, mixed-signal, and often radio frequency functions: all of which may be provided on a single chip substrate. Other embodiments may include a multi-chip-module (MCM), with a plurality of separate ICs located within a single electronic package and configured to interact closely with each other through the electronic package. In various other embodiments, the digital filters may be implemented in one or more silicon cores in Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and other semiconductor chips.

It is also imperative to note that all of the specifications, dimensions, and relationships outlined herein (e.g., the number of processors, logic operations, etc.) have only been offered for purposes of example and teaching only. Such information may be varied considerably without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure, or the scope of the appended claims. The specifications apply only to one non-limiting example and, accordingly, they should be construed as such. In the foregoing description, example embodiments have been described with reference to particular arrangements of components. Various modifications and changes may be made to such embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. The description and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than in a restrictive sense.

Note that with the numerous examples provided herein, interaction may be described in terms of two, three, four, or more electrical components. However, this has been done for purposes of clarity and example only. It should be appreciated that the system can be consolidated in any suitable manner. Along similar design alternatives, any of the illustrated components, modules, and elements of the FIGS. may be combined in various possible configurations, all of which are clearly within the broad scope of this Specification. In certain cases, it may be easier to describe one or more of the functionalities of a given set of flows by only referencing a limited number of electrical elements. It should be appreciated that the electrical circuits of the FIGS. and its teachings are readily scalable and can accommodate a large number of components, as well as more complicated/sophisticated arrangements and configurations. Accordingly, the examples provided should not limit the scope or inhibit the broad teachings of the electrical circuits as potentially applied to a myriad of other architectures.

Note that in this Specification, references to various features (e.g., elements, structures, modules, components, steps, operations, characteristics, etc.) included in “one embodiment”, “example embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “another embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “various embodiments”, “other embodiments”, “alternative embodiment”, and the like are intended to mean that any such features are included in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, but may or may not necessarily be combined in the same embodiments.

It is also important to note that the functions related to contactless current measurement using magnetic sensors, e.g. those summarized in the one or more processes shown in FIGS., illustrate only some of the possible functions that may be executed by, or within, the current measurement systems illustrated in the FIGS. Some of these operations may be deleted or removed where appropriate, or these operations may be modified or changed considerably without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the timing of these operations may be altered considerably. The preceding operational flows have been offered for purposes of example and discussion. Substantial flexibility is provided by embodiments described herein in that any suitable arrangements, chronologies, configurations, and timing mechanisms may be provided without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

Numerous other changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications may be ascertained to one skilled in the art and it is intended that the present disclosure encompass all such changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications as falling within the scope of the appended claims. Note that all optional features of the apparatus described above may also be implemented with respect to the method or process described herein and specifics in the examples may be used anywhere in one or more embodiments.

In order to assist the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and, additionally, any readers of any patent issued on this application in interpreting the claims appended hereto, Applicant wishes to note that the Applicant: (a) does not intend any of the appended claims to invoke paragraph (f) of 35 U.S.C. Section 112 as it exists on the date of the filing hereof unless the words “means for” or “step for” are specifically used in the particular claims; and (b) does not intend, by any statement in the Specification, to limit this disclosure in any way that is not otherwise reflected in the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: identifying at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination; identifying at least one additional constraint in connection with a delivery of the item, selecting one of a plurality of possible routes between the origin and the destination; for each of a plurality of route segments of the selected route: using mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment, the at least one additional constraint, and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity; and providing a driving plan to a vehicle, wherein the driving plan comprises a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route and wherein the vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the item characteristic comprises at least one of a sturdiness of the item, a physical state of the item, and a perishability of the item.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the item identity is identified by reading a code associated with the item.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the item identity is identified by information provided by a user.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the item identity is identified using imaging devices to capture one or more images of the item by which to identify the item.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the using mapping information to characterize the route segment further comprises characterizing the route segment according to a relative comfort level experienced by contents of the vehicle while traversing the route segment and assigning a route type to the route segment corresponding to the characterization thereof.
 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising, subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, updating the mapping information for at least one of the plurality of route segments of the selected route using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one additional constraint comprises at least one of a fee charged for delivery of the item, an amount of fuel necessary to deliver the item, an amount of fuel available in the vehicle, and a time limit in which delivery of the item must be completed.
 9. An intelligent delivery system for a vehicle, the intelligent delivery system comprising: at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route; a mapping information module including at least one non-transitory computer readable medium for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment; and a driving mode selection module including at least one non-transitory computer readable medium for, for each of the plurality of route segments: using the mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment, at least one additional constraint, and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.
 10. The intelligent delivery system of claim 9, wherein a driving plan comprising a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route is provided to the vehicle.
 11. The intelligent delivery system of claim 10, wherein the vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.
 12. The intelligent delivery system of claim 10, wherein the vehicle comprises an autonomous vehicle.
 13. The intelligent delivery system of claim 9, wherein the using mapping information to characterize the route segment further comprises characterizing the route segment according to a relative comfort level experienced by contents of the vehicle while traversing the route segment and assigning a route type to the route segment corresponding to the characterization thereof.
 14. The intelligent delivery system of claim 9, wherein, subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, the mapping information for at least one of the route segments of the selected route is updated using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.
 15. The intelligent delivery system of claim 9, wherein the at least one additional constraint comprises at least one of a fee charged for delivery of the item, an amount of fuel necessary to deliver the item, an amount of fuel available in the vehicle, and a time limit in which delivery of the item must be completed.
 16. A vehicle comprising: an onboard computer; a sensor suite comprising a plurality of imaging devices and at least one sensing device for determining at least one of a characteristic and an identity of an item for delivery from an origin to a destination via a selected route; a mapping information module including at least one non-transitory computer readable medium for storing mapping information including for each of a plurality of route segments for the selected route, a characterization of the route segment; and a driving mode selection module including at least one non-transitory computer readable medium for, for each of the plurality of route segments: using the mapping information to characterize the route segment; and selecting one of a plurality of driving modes for the route segment based on the characterization of the route segment, at least one additional constraint, and the at least one of the item characteristic and the item identity.
 17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein a driving plan comprising a collection of the selected driving modes corresponding to the plurality of route segments comprising the selected route is provided to the vehicle.
 18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the vehicle delivers the item from the origin to the destination via the selected route using the driving plan.
 19. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein, subsequent to completion of a delivery of the item, the mapping information for at least one of the route segments of the selected route is updated using information provided by at least one of the vehicle and a vehicle passenger regarding the comfort level of the route segment.
 20. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein the at least one additional constraint comprises at least one of a fee charged for delivery of the item, an amount of fuel necessary to deliver the item, an amount of fuel available in the vehicle, and a time limit in which delivery of the item must be completed. 